Voile Applique

Voile Applique

Manufacture of textiles

Cotton Processing
processes of cotton (after Murray 1911)
Bale breaker
Blow room
Willowing
Scutcher Breaker
Batting
cutting machine finishing
Polished
Carding
Carding Room
Silver Back
Comb
Drawing
Locks
Intermediate
Wandering
Fine Roving
Spinner
-
Ring
Thread
Narcotic
Repetition
Winding
Grouping
Whitening
Winding
Distortion
Wiring
Sizing / slashing / Dressing
Gasification
Weaving
Tail
Cloth
Hilo (cheese) - - Bundle
Sewing Thread
Cotton fiber is the most important natural world. In 2007, the yield overall was 25 million tonnes from 35 million hectares cultivated in over 50 countries.
There are five steps
Culture and harvest
Preparation Process
Thread
Weaving
Finish
The cultivation and harvesting
Cotton is grown everywhere, with long summers, warm dry with plenty of sunshine and low humidity. Indian cotton, Gossypium arboreum, is thinner, but the staple is designed for the treatment by hand. American cotton, Gossypium hirsutum, produce the basic food necessary for the production of the machine. The seed is from September to mid-November and the harvest between March and May The cotton bolls are harvested by fishermen stripper and spindle pickers, that eliminate the cap of the plant. Cotton the bean plant is cotton, which is attached to each of thousands of seeds are the fibers of about 2.5 cm long.
Shelling
The cotton gin into a cotton seed. The cotton gin separates seeds and remove the trash "(soil, stems and leaves) of the fiber. In a gin saw, circular saws enter the fiber and pull it through a fence that is too narrow for the seeds to pass. A roller gin is used with more staple cotton. Here is a roller catch cotton leather. A knife blade, near the rollers, separate the seeds by pulling through the teeth saws and rotating brushes wipe.
Ginned cotton fiber, known as the lint is compressed into bales that are approximately 1.5 m in height and weighing nearly 220 kg. Only 33% of the crop is down usable. cotton Shopping is the price of quality, and generally refers to the average length of the clip, and the variety of the plant. The longest cotton-base (2 in 1) is called Egyptian basal medium (1 ") is called the Highlands and U.S. short-term basis (less than en) is called India.
Cotton seed is placed in a cooking oil. Shells and food is processed into animal feed, and stems on paper.
Questions
Cotton is grown intensively, and uses large quantities of fertilizer and insecticides by 25% of the universe. Native Indian variety is fed by rainwater but the hybrids used in modern plants need water, which extends to pests. The 5% of the land of cotton in India used to have 55% of all pesticides used in India. Before mechanization, cotton is harvested by hand and this unpleasant task was performed by the lower castes, and the United States by the slaves of Africa.
Process preparation-Preparation of son
On ginning, bale and transport decisions are made in the country of origin.
Opening and cleaning
Platt Brothers Selector
Cotton mills get the cotton shipped to them in general, 500 pound bales. When the cotton comes from a ball is all packed and always contains the common plant materials. The beam is broken open with a machine with peaks. It is called Opener.In cotton lint and remove plant materials, cotton is sent by a switch, or similar machines. A switch similar to the machine and carding cotton gin, but is slightly different. Cotton was introduced into the machine and struck with a beater bar to relax. It feeds through several rollers that are used to remove plant material. Cotton, assisted by the fans, then collected on a screen and is powered through rollers until it comes more as a continuous piece of good wool, known as a return.
The mixture
Mix and jam
Carding
Article: carding
Carding Machine
Patents: fibers are separated and then mounted in a lock (tape or trailer) the conclusion of this phase.
The leaves of the cotton picking machine in turn and is then taken to carding machines. The fiber carding line of good ways make them easier to turn. The carding machine consists mainly of a large roll with the little ones around. All rolls are covered with small teeth, such as cotton and other advances in the teeth get finer (Akin). The cotton leaves the carding machine in the form of a ribbon, a string a large number of fibers.
Note: In a broader patent may refer to these four processes: relaxation of fiber-Willowing Pulido-elimination dust to create a spreadsheet or flat on the lap of cotton combed the tangled patent back in a thick rope of 1 / 2 inch in diameter, brightness, Writing and drawing in a combination of four slices in a single repetition of a superior quality.
Combing is optional, but used to remove short fibers, creating a solid wire.
Combing machine
Drawing the fibers are straightened
Combined several bands. Each band are fine and coarse points, and combining several bands together a more uniform size can go. From the combination of several bands produced a thick rope fiber cotton, directly after combining the bands are separated into strands. These bits are then what is used in the spinning process. In general for a processing machine walks on the width of a pencil.Next, chips that combine several. Each strip has end points and thick, and the combination of several bands and a more uniform size can go. Since the combination of several bands produce a very thick rope of cotton fibers, be combined directly after the bands are separated into strands. These bits (or slubbings) then what is used in the spinning process.
Overall machine treatment, a wick is about the size of a pencil.
Drawing Framework: Draw the line
Marco bits: Add spin and reel winds
Marcos term used to repeat the process strands to produce a finer thread.
frameworks itinerant is reduced to a finer yarn, gives more tour, it is more regular and even in thickness, and the winds in a small tube.
Spinning Yarn Manufacturing
Article: spinning cotton
Thread
spinning machines take the wick candles and twists, creating wire wrapped around a spool.
A turn the wick mule delete a spool and fed through rollers, which feed on many different speeds.This thin hair at a constant rate. If the match does not a constant size, so that this could lead to a break in the wire, or it could block the machine. The wire is twisted by the turn of the coil carriage moves, and driving on a transport police in return. Spinner produces a finer thread than the spinning ring the less skilled.
The mule is a intermittent process, such as Advanced and return to a distance of 1779 5ft.It was the descendant of the device Crompton. It produces a sweet son who was less twisted Favoured by the fines and plot. It requires great skill, and it was the work of women.
The ring was a descendant of the chassis of the water Arkwright 1769. It has been a continuous process, the Court was thicker and had a twist was stronger if lent itself to a string. Requires less skill was lying job. Ring is slow because of the distance the wire must pass through the ring, other methods have been introduced. These are collectively known as retail or open end spinning.
Sewing son, was made of several strands twisted or double.
Verification
It is the process in each of the coil is rewound to give a tighter coil.
Bending and twisting
Sailing is pulling the strings of two or more coils and rotating together in the opposite direction to that in which it was separated. Depending on the desired weight, cotton may or may not be backing layers, and the number of threads twisted together varies.
Gasification
Main article: textile Monkey # and gasification
Gasification is the process of moving son, unlike the tissue very rapidly through a series of flame gas burner in a gas chamber to burn the fibers of the projection round and smooth and shiny thread also. Only the best qualities of yarn are gassed, and that used for curtains, poplin, the Venetians, raincoats, many qualities Egypt, etc. There is a weight loss in the gas chambers, which varies "between 5 and 8 per cent., So that if s son was 2 / 60 requires 2 / 56 's being used. gassed son is darker in the shade after, but should not be burnt.
Mule runs
Spinner
Ring
Ring
Steps
Main article: The units of the textile
Cotton Count: The number of pieces of wire, 840 meters long to fill a book. 10 In Cotton means that weighs one pound of 10x840 This is thicker than 40 have cotton 40x840 meters in case of need. In the United Kingdom, and 40 counts are coarse (Condes Oldham), 40-80 years and higher than average count 80 is a good number. United States 20 years are counted in thickness.
Hank: a length of 7 meters or read 840
Subject: 54 in length (the circumference of a beam)
Package: Generally, 10 pounds
Read: A son length 80 meters or 120
Denier is an alternative method. It is defined as a number that is equal to weight in grams of 9000 meters of a single wire. Fine 15 denier 30 denier.
Tex is the weight in grams of a km of wire.
The ball of wool is only 560 yards
Fabrics
The weaving process Using a loom. Discussions lengthway known as the warp and son cross is called the weft. The fabric must be strong to be introduced on the loom beam. The plot through the son on a shuttle, which carries a wire tap. These cans are automatically changed by the loom. Thus, the wire must be wrapped in a beam, and cans before weaving can begin.
Winding
After spun and twisted, the son of cotton is carried in a room where deformation of liquidation required length of wire and winds in the coils of deformation
Distortion or radiant
A Warper
Coils Racks are designed to keep the line while rolling on the bar of the chain of a loom. Because the wire is thin, often three can be combined to obtain the desired son. [Edit].
Sizing
Slasher machine size needed to strengthen the chain by the addition of starch.
Drawing flower
The manufacturing process of each end of the frame separately through the cracks of the cane and the eyes of mesh so indicated by the project.
Pirning (treatment plot)
Pim resolution framework is used to transfer the weft yarn for cheese cans that would fit in on the ferry
Weaving
Article: loom
At this stage, the thread is woven. Depending on the time a person can be managed from 300 to 100 machines. In the mid-nineteenth century, four is the normal number. An expert weaver in 1925 race 6 Trades Lancashire. Over time added new mechanisms that stopped the loom when something went wrong. Control Mechanisms things like a broken warp thread, broken thread of the plot, the ship is in a straight line, and if the tank is empty. Forty of these looms and looms Northrop automatic looms could be managed by a skilled worker.
Draper loom Textile Museum in Lowell, Massachusetts
The three major movements of trade are driven, gathering and cons-up.
Exercise: The division into two plot lines, so that the shuttle can pass between these lines. There are two general types of discounts "open" and "closed". Open shed, the son of chain are moved when the employer is required from one line to another. Hangar closed-son of the chain are on a level line after each selection.
Collection: The projection operation of the shuttle for a trade back and forth through the son of chain division. This is done by overpick underpick or motions. The overpick is appropriate to run fast trades, while the underpick is best for heavy or slow business.
Beat up: The third movement of the fabric core business decision, and is the action of the rod, since the units of each option in the plot that fell from tissue.
Lancashire is the first loom semi-automatic loom. Dobby and Jacquard looms are trades that have sophisticated methods for dumping. Trades can be separated, or mechanisms added to a plain business. Northrop craft was completely automated and produces mass between 1909 and mid-1960. Modern business run faster and do not use a transport service: it is jet air crafts, water jet and trades rapier weaving looms.
Steps
End and tragedy: the tragedy refer to the plot, the extremes refer chain. The roughness of the fabric can be expressed as the number of vertices and ending with a quarter of a square inch, or psi. Ends always written first. For example, households are heavy thick wire as 10-14 years of the warp and weft, and ends around 48 and 52 selections.
Partner qualifications professional
Piece
Dump
Weaver
Tackler
Drawing Children
Pirner
Questions
When a hand loom is at home, children helped with the process of tissue from a younger age. Related skills needs and a child can be as productive as adults. When you move the fabric of the house to the factory, children are often allowed to help his older sisters, and laws must be taken to prevent child labor increasingly drawn
Fabrics
A circular knitting machine.
Focus on the needles.
paper machine in two different ways, warp and weft. Knitting Pattern (as seen in the photos) is similar to the method of weaving with hand all points connected to each other horizontally. Several machines of the plot can be configured to produce textiles for a spool of thread Single or multiple coils depending on the size of the cylinder of the machine (when the needles are beds each). In point of chain there are many pieces of wire and are not vertical chains, zigzagged between them together across the wire.
tissues are not stretched chain to a point of intrigue and it is hard work. A plot point does not work hard, but extends again, this is especially true if the coils are processed Lycra based separate containers and tail that are interwoven with the bottle with cotton thread giving the flexibility of end products are less likely having the appearance of "baggy". The average T-shirt is a knit.
Finishing Textile Processing
The gray fabric, fabric Cotton State business, not only contains impurities, including the size of the chain but requires treatment after full development potential textiles. You can also receive significant added value by applying one or more finishing operations.
Desizing
Depending on the size that was used, the fabric can be soaked in a dilute acid rinse, or enzymes can be used to break the size.
Scrub
Scour is a chemical process of cleaning carried out on cotton fabrics to remove impurities and not fibrous natural wax (eg, residual fragments of seeds) of the fiber and any stain or dirt added. Shelling is usually transported in iron containers called Kiers. The fabric is boiled in an alkaline solution, forming a soap with free fatty acids. (Saponification). An autoclave is closed, then the solution of sodium hydroxide can be boiled under pressure exclusion of oxygen, which degrade the cellulose fiber. If treatment If reagents, scouring will also remove the size of the material, but often desizing scouring the above and is considered as a separate process known as tissue preparation. Preparation and scouring are prerequisites for most finishing processes. At this stage, even the natural cotton fibers are yellowish white, and money, the following process is necessary.
Whitening
Main article: Bleaching Textile
Improving the whiteness of money by removing traces of impurities and naturally colored cotton to the degree of money required is determined by the required brightness and absorption. Cotton is a vegetable fiber is bleached with an oxidizing agent such as sodium or diluted hydrogen peroxide hydrochlorite diluted. If the fabric is dyed a deep voice, and low levels of bleaching are acceptable, for example. However, white bed linen and medical applications, the highest levels of brightness and absorption capacity are essential.
Mercerization
Editorial: mercerized cotton
Another possibility is mercerizing in which the fabric is treated with caustic soda solution because swelling of the fibers. This results in improved brightness, the strength and affinity for dye. The mercerized cotton is under stress, and all the alkaline wash before the tension is released or reduction is effected. Mercerization can take place directly on the gray fabric, or after bleaching.
Many chemical treatments can be applied to cotton fabrics to produce a low flammability, resistance to wrinkling and other special effects, but significant, four non-chemical treatments are finished following:
Scorched
Article Detailed: Textiles Monkey #
Roussi is designed to burn the surface fibers of the fabric to produce smooth. The fabric passes over the brushes to increase fiber is then passed over a plate heated by gas flames.
Increase
Another method of raising finish. During sensitization, the surface the fabric is treated with sharp teeth to raise the surface fibers, which provide the villi, the softness and warmth, as in flannel.
Calenders
Article: Calendar
Calendering is the third major mechanical process, in which the fabric is passed between heated rollers to produce smooth, polished or embossed effects depending on the properties of the roller surface and the relative velocities.
Decreasing (sanforizing)
Main article: Sanforization
Finally, the mechanical reduction (sometimes called sanforizing), in which the tissue is forced to reduce width and / or long term, creates a structure where any residual tendency to decrease after following washing is minimal.
Dyeing
See also: Complexion
Finally, the cotton is absorbing fiber that responds quickly to process color. Painting, for example, are often carried anionic direct dye completely submerge the fabric (or son) in an aqueous dye bath according to established procedure. To improve the resistance to washing, rubbing and light, other colors such as reservoirs and reagents are in common use. These require more complex chemistry during processing and therefore more expensive to implement.
Print
Main article: Textile Printing
Print, on the other hand, is the application of color in a paste or ink to the surface a cloth in a predetermined pattern. It can be seen as the dye localized. designs printed and dyed fabrics is also possible.
Economic, environmental and manufacturing of cotton policies
Cotton growing is divided into two segments ie, organic and genetically modified. . Cotton cultivation provides a livelihood for millions of people, but its production is more expensive due to the consumption of water high consumption of pesticides, insecticides and fertilizers expensive. GM products are designed to increase resistance to disease and reduce the amount of water necessary. The organic sector was U.S. $ 583 million. transgenic cotton in 2007, occupied 43% of the cotton growing areas ..
Energy consumption as water and electricity is relatively high, especially in the process of washing, cutting, bleaching, washing, dyeing, printing, finishing and coating. Transformation takes time. More water in the textile industry is used for wet processing of textiles (70 percent). About 25 percent of the total energy in the production of fiber textile production, spinning, twisting, weaving, knitting, clothing, etc. production is used dyeing. About 34 percent of energy consumed in spinning, 23 per cent in the tissue, 38 per cent in the chemical process Wet and five per cent in different processes. Power dominates consumption patterns in the spinning and weaving, while thermal energy is the main factor for wet chemical processing.
The treatment plant processes other than fiber
Flax
Main article: Lino
Flax is a bast fiber, which means it is available in packets in the bark of the plant Linum usitatissimum. The flowers of the plant is harvested.
Retting
Rupture
Jam
Combing or combed
It is now regarded as cotton.
Jute
Main article: Jute
Jute bast fiber, which comes from the inner bark of plants of the genus Corchorus. It's like the retting flax sun-dried and packaged. When you put a small amount of oil must be added to the fiber. It can be bleached and dyed. It was used for bags and pouches, but is now used for the Safeguarding of the carpet.
Hemp
Main article: Hemp
Hemp is a fiber Liberian inner bark of Cannabis sativa. It is difficult to chlorine is used for making rope and rope.
Retting
Separation
Strike
other bast
The bast fibers can also be used: kenaf, ramie Ureña, nettles.
fiber sheet other
Sisal fiber is the main form used, while others are ABAC and henequen.
Treatment of protein fibers
The wool of sheep Domestic. Form two products, wool and son. The two types of sheep wool and the inner layer is used. This can be mixed with wool recovered from rags. The poor quality is the term for wool not recovered mate, while the wool comes from mung feel. Chemically extract is recovered from cotton blended /.
The fleece is cut into a piece of sheep.This is then slightly to remove greasy wool, and packed. Classified in a long wool which can be up to 15 but not more than 2.5 inches is ideal for combining son. The smaller fibers than the short form of wool and are described as flax or wool carding.
In fact the wool is washed with a detergent to remove grease (yellow) and impurities. It is mechanically opening the machine. The plant material can be removed chemically with acid Sulfuric (carbonization). Wash with a solution of soap and sodium carbonate. The wool is combed or oiled combed forward.
Lana delete using worsted combs, Mungo and poor quality and short wool again
Combed
Combing wicks fat wound in turns, and placed in the circular dressing. The son together to form a spin. The short fibers and are deleted or removed with a knife.
Angora
Silk
Process production of silk are similar to those of cotton, but be aware that silk is a continuous fiber reeeled. The terms used are different.
Opening Packages. Grouping, Hanks: where the silk is classified by color, size and quality, scouring: Where silk washed in 40 degree water for 12 hours remove gum Natural drying, either by heating with steam or a centrifuge, the softening: rub to remove stubborn stains.
Silk throw (Settlement). The skeins are placed in a coil on a frame with many others. The silk is wound on reels or spools.
And trouble. The silk is too fine to be woven, then now is doubled and twisted to the chain, known as organzine and the plot, known as the tram. Each organzine only takes a few turns per inch (TPI), and combine with several other singles hard twisted 10-14 TPI. In both single tram duplicate a light touch, 3-6 TPI. Son sewing thread is two tram strong spin machine is composed of three twisted strands twisted tram drive. process is twisted crepe tram to 80 tpi "Kick".
Stretching. The common thread is the proof of uniform size. Any uneven thickness is extended. The resulting staggered over 500 meters to 2,500 sqm. Hanks are about 50 on a long loop.
Tincture: Hanks walked again, and discoloration of a process to remove sulfur. This weakens the silk. The skeins are dyed or dyed. They are dried and rewound in rolls, spools and skeins. In grass, and in the process of trade Weaving is the same as that of cotton.
Web. The organzine is distorted. It is a process similar to that of cotton. First, thirty channels are an overwhelming strain, then use the roller deformation son are released. A thick layer of paper between each layer lying on the beam to stop the mess.
Treatment of manmade fibers
Discussion kinds of manmade fibers
Article Detailed: synthetic
Synthetic fibers are the result of extensive development by scientists naturally improve animal and vegetable fibers. In general, synthetic fibers are created by forcing, or extrusion, fiber forming materials through holes (called lines) in the air, forming a thread. Before developed synthetic fibers, cellulose fibers made from cellulose natural, coming from plants.
The first artificial fiber, known as art silk from 1799, known as sticky around 1894, and finally rayon in 1924. Product Similar called cellulose acetate was discovered in 1865. Rayon and acetate are synthetic fibers, synthetic, but not really, still wood. In spite of these artificial fibers were discovered in the mid-nineteenth century, the success of modern manufacturing started much later in the 1930. Nylon, the first synthetic fiber, made his American debut as a substitute for silk, and was used for parachutes and other military uses. [Edit]
The techniques used to treat these fibers are essentially the same son that natural fibers, the changes must how will you be the fibers are very long, and have no texture as the balance in cotton and wool help mesh. [Edit]
other processes associated to synthetic
See also
Glossary of textile
References
^ Majeed ABC January (19 September 2009). Textile Cotton and the challenges ahead. "Dawn-Internet Edition. http://www.dawn.com/2009/01/19/ebr5.htm. Retrieved on 2009-02-12.
^ "Machin process." Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: Libraries. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/industry/machproc.php. Retrieved on 2009-01-29.
Ab ^ c 'Crafts India .. "Craft Revival Trust. http://www.craftrevival.org/voiceDetails.asp?Code=25. Retrieved on 2009-02-12.
^ "The cultivation and harvest." Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: Libraries. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=64&sub=machproc&theme=industry&crumb=Cultivation+&+harvesting. Retrieved on 2009-01-29.
^ Collier, 1970, p. 11
Ab ^ Collier, 1970, p. 13
^ "Preparatory Process." Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: the library. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=65&sub=machproc&theme=industry&crumb=Preparatory+processes. Retrieved from 2009-01-29.
^ Collier 1970, pp. 66.67
^ Collier, 1970, p. 69
^ Collier 1970, pp. 70
^ Hill 1993, p. 4
^ Collier 1970, pp. 71
^ Saxonhouse, Gary. OSH Seminars "The technological developments in cotton spinning, 1878-1933." Stanford University. Http://siepr.stanford.edu/programs/SST_Seminars/Jeremy.pdf Seminars on OSH. Accessed 26/01/2009.
^ Collier 1970, pp. 79
^ "Spinning". Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: Libraries. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=66&sub=machproc&theme=industry&crumb=Spinning. Retrieved on 2009-01-29.
^ Curtis 1921, p. 1
^ Curtis 1921, p. cotton count
^ Collier, 1970, p. 3
^ Collier, 1970, p. 74
^ "Weaving". Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: Libraries. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=66&sub=machproc&theme=industry&crumb=Weaving. Retrieved on 2009-01-29.
^ Fowler, Alan (2003). Lancashire Cotton Workers and Work, 1900-1950: A Social History of Lancashire cotton operatives in the twentieth century. Ashgate, SA de CV. pp. 90. ISBN 0754601161, 9780754601166. http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7GHLv-rLifgC&printsec=frontcover. Accessed January 21, 2009.
Curtis ^ 1921, p. Hangar
^ Curtis 1921, p. End
^ Collier, 1970, p. 118
^ "Treatment". Spinning the Web. Manchester City Council: Libraries. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=68&sub=machproc&theme=industry&crumb=Finishing. Retrieved on 2009-01-29.
^ Greenhalgh, David (2005). "Cotton finished." davghalgh http://website.lineone.net/ ~ / cotton_finishing.html. Retrieved on 2009-02-12.
Ab ^ Collier 1970, p. 155
^ Collier, 1970, p. 157
^ Collier, 1970, p. 159
^ "Cotton: From field to the facts behind the fiber mode." Talent2Trade. http://www.t2trade.co.uk/downloads/ComparingConventionalCottontoOrganic-TheFacts.pdf. Retrieved on 2009-02-12.
^ Collier, 1970, p. 16
^ Collier, 1970, p. 17
^ Collier, 1970, p. 19
^ "Manufacturing of silk." Antiques Digest: Recovering the knowledge of the past. Old and sold. Early 1900s. http://www.oldandsold.com/articles04/textiles17.shtml. Retrieved from 07/04/2009.
Bibliography
Barfoot, RJ (1840). The Progress of cotton. Barfoot series of color lithographs from 1840 that represents the process the manufacture of cotton .. Web Spinning the Manchester Library,: Darton. pp. 12. http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/bookbrowse.php?page=2&book=Barfoot&sub=overview&theme=overview&crumb=The Age of the plant and submit_x submit_y = 0 & = 0 & submit = submit. Retrieved February 11, 2009.
Collier, Ann M. (1970). A Handbook of Textiles. Pergamon Press. pp. 258. ISBN 0 08 018057 4 0 08018056 6.
Curtis, HP (1921), "Glossary of textile materials," Black Book Arthur Roberts. (Manchester: Marsden and Company, Ltd. in 1921), http://www.oneguyfrombarlick.co.uk/forum_topic.asp?whichpage=1&TOPIC_ID=6424&FORUM_ID=99&CAT_ID=3&Forum_Title=Rare+Text+ (Book + transcripts) and TOPIC_TITLE = A + + + + Glossary of Textile Terms, Retrieved 1/11/2009
Gurr, Duncan, Hunt, Julian (1998), Cotton Mills Oldham, Oldham Education and Leisure, ISBN 0-902809-46-6, QueryName http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/a_results.php?x=5&y = 7 and the keywords and Key = + + + Cotton mills of Oldham + short story + + + + and a directory
Hills, Leslie Richard (1993). Steam Power: A History of the automobile Stationary steam. Cambridge University Press. pp. 244. ISBN 052145834X, 9780521458344. http://books.google.com/books?id=t6TLOQBhd0YC. Retrieved January 2009.
Nasmith, Joseph (1894), "Recent cotton mill and 'engineering, spinning cotton and recent engineering. (John Heywood, Deansgate, Manchester, reprinted Elibron Classics), ISBN 1-4021-4558-6, http://www.archive.org/details/recentcottonmill00nasm, accessed 01/11/2009
Roberts, AS (1921), "List of cars Arthur Robert" Black Book of King Arthur. (Books-A Kid Transcript Barlick) http://oneguyfrombarlick.co.uk/forum_topic.asp?TOPIC_ID=7926&FORUM_ID=99&CAT_ID=3&Forum_Title=Rare+Text+ (Book + transcripts) and Arthur Roberts TOPIC_TITLE = + + + list of engines and whichpage = 1 & tmp = 1 # pid81483, Retrieved 1/11/2009
Connections External
Cotton Yearbook 1910 (Textile Mercury) The descriptions and calculations for the purchase of all machines in the cotton processing.
1921 John Hetherington and Sounds catalog description and illustrations of the main engines.
Profile of the Textile Industry: A Guide to U.S. EPA
EV
Fibers
Natural
Animal
Alpaca Angora Down Bison cashmere, camel hair Catgut Guanaco Llama Mohair Rabbit Chiengora Pashmina Silk spider silk qiviut tendon vicuña wool yak
Vegetable
Abac cotton bamboo coconut kenaf jute kapok hemp linen raffia palm wood Pia Ramie Sisal
Ore
Asbestos Basalt Mineral wool Glass wool
Cellulose
Art Silk acetate bamboo lyocell (Tencel) Modal rayon
Synthetic
Acrylic Aramid (Twaron Kevlar Nomex Technora) of Carbon (Tenax) Polyester olefin nylon microfiber modacrylic polyethylene (Dyneema Spectra) Vinalon Spandex Zylon
EV
Textile Art
Background:
Embroidery Wall Hook dyeing fabric (textiles) Fiber Felt Needle Lace Trimmings sailing Nlebinding Patchwork Quilting Rope Sewing Spinning Tapestry Textile printing Weaving Fiber
History ...:
Clothing and textiles Silk patchwork textiles in the Industrial Revolution Timeline of textile technology
Regional and Ethnic:
Australia Andean indigenous Hmong Korean Mori
Related:
The blockade of Mathematics textile art and textile art manufacturing
Preservation Terminology Textile Museum Textile units to portable textile art
EV
Thread
Materials
Top Roving Sliver Rolag Schappe wool base Towing
Techniques
Carding long hair, short-run printing Twist per inch
Hand Spinning Tools
Noddy distaff distaff Niddy axis Spinners weasel
Spinning industry
Cotton spinning machinery Open end spinning jenny mule tissable tissable Water Framework throstle chassis wool combing machine
EV
Weaving
Fabrics
Charvet woven double layer fabric Even Lampas Pile Oxford Pique normal tissue satin fabric Gabardine Twill
Components
Son textile fabric Warp
Tools and techniques
Chilkat weaving Kasuri Ikat Inkle Fingerweaving Warp Navajo rug weaving jacquard shuttle weaving tapestries Tniko
Types looms
Dobby loom Jacquard loom Hattersley Northrop Lancashire Roberts trade Warp-weighted loom business
Weavers
Ada Dietz Micheline Beauchemin Brigitta Acesa Pamphile John Rylands de Vos Scherzenfeldt Judocus Clara Sherman
v
Cotton
Architects
Sidney Stott Stott (later Sir Philip) Edward Potts Potts, collection and FW Dixon Dixon & Son
engine manufacturers
Daniel Adamson Ashton Ashworth and Parker Boulton and Watt Frost and Lindley Browet Buckley & Taylor Hicks Earnshaw & Holt Carel Fairbairn J Goodfellow Goodfellow & Galloway JBW Musgrave & W McNaught Saxon Petrie Scott Urmson Rochdale and George Hodgson & Thompson Yates Yates & Thom Blackburn Whilans J & E Woolstenhulme wood and rye
Machinery manufacturers
Brooks and Butterworth Dobson Doxey & Dickinson & Barlow John Hetherington & Sons Joseph Hibbert Howard & Bullough Geo. Asa Lees Hattersley Taylor Mather & Platt Platt Brothers, makers Lang & Textile Machinery Co Ltd Tweedale and Smalley
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Fine Spinners and Oldham, Lancashire Limited benders Courtaulds Bagley Wright & Cotton Corporation
Industrial Processes
Textile late son of cotton manufacturing machinery spinning Spinning Spinning Mule Open Ring Spinning Jenny Roberts Water Framework Lancashire Loom Loom
The lists of plants
Bolton Bury Oldham mills LCC Cheshire Derbyshire Manchester Lancashire Rochdale Salford Stockport Tameside Wigan
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